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上期翻译答案
A recent study that involved 20,000 Italian adultsfoundthat those with the highest consumption of UPFhadthe greatest risk of dying prematurely from any cause.
一项涉及2万意大利成年人的研究发现，那些摄入超加工食品量最高的人群，因各种原因导致早亡的风险会更高。
《本期内容》
双语阅读
After decades of argument and counter-argument, psychologists have apparently agreed that arranging one’s features into the shape of a smile helps brighten the mood. In other words, if you want to feel a little happier, try looking a little happier first. Researchers have long wondered whether the physical manifestations of emotions, from smiling and laughing to crying and a pounding heart,ramp upthe intensity with which an emotion is felt. According to the “facial feedback hypothesis”, smiling should make people feel happier, while frowning should make them sadder.
经过几十年的争论与抗辩，心理学家显然已经达成一致意见，让一个人把面部五官摆出微笑的样子有助于让心情愉快。换句话说，如果你想感到更快乐，先试着让自己看起来更快乐一点。翻译划线句，长按文末小程序码打卡，答案下期公布~根据“面部反馈假说”，微笑应该会使人们感到更快乐，而皱眉则会让人们感到更悲伤。
To settle the matter once and for all, Nicholas Coles, a research scientist at Stanford University, organised the Many Smiles Collaboration to conduct an experiment that advocates, critics and those on the fence could all endorse.
为了彻底地搞清楚这个问题，斯坦福大学的研究科学家尼古拉斯·科尔斯组建了“各种微笑合作”组织，来实施一项支持者、批评者和持中立态度的人都认可的实验。
The psychologists recruited nearly 4,000 people from 19 countries and divided them into three groups. The first adopted the pen-in-mouth method to activate facial muscles for smiling. The secondmimickedthe facial expressions of smiling actors. The third was told to move the corners of their lips towards their ears and raise their cheeks, using only the muscles in their face.
心理学家从19个国家招募了近4000人，并将他们分为三组。第一组采用嘴衔笔的方法激活面部肌肉进行微笑。第二组模仿微笑着的演员的面部表情。第三组被要求只使用面部肌肉，将嘴角向耳朵方向移动，并抬高苹果肌。
The volunteers then rated their happiness as they pulled the faces, wore neutral expressions, and looked at a blank screens or images of puppies, kittens, flowers and fireworks. According to a report in Nature Human Behaviour, the pen-in-mouth method did little for emotions – perhaps because people had togrittheir teeth. But the other two approaches boosted happiness, though the effect was small – equivalent to looking at happy photos.
然后，志愿者们评估自己在按照上述方式摆好面部表情、摆出中性无表情的样子、看到空白屏幕，或看到小狗、小猫、鲜花、烟花的图片时的幸福程度。根据《自然人类行为》杂志上的一篇报道，嘴衔笔的方法对情绪影响不大——也许是因为人们必须咬紧牙关。但另外两种方法提高了幸福感，尽管效果很小——相当于观看快乐的照片的程度。
“Some people believe that emotional experience is very cognitive – that’s it’s solely driven by our evaluations of what’s going on in the world. This work, however, suggests that it’s also physiological,” said Coles. “Emotional experience appears to be built, in part, off of feedback or sensations from theperipheralnervous system. The accelerated heart can make people feel anxious, thefurrowedbrowcan make them feel angry, and the stretch of a smile can make them feel happy.”
“有些人认为情感体验主要来自精神认知——它完全是由我们对世界上正在发生的事情的评估驱动的。然而，这项研究表明，这也来自于生理感受，”科尔斯说。“情感体验似乎在某种程度上是建立在周围神经系统的反馈或感觉之上的。加速的心跳会让人感到焦虑，紧锁的眉头会让人感到愤怒，而舒展的笑容会让人感到快乐。”
本文节选自：The Guardian（卫报）
发布时间：2022.10.20
作者：Ian Sample
原文标题：You can smile yourself a little happier, scientists suggest
词汇积累
1.mimick
英/ ˈmɪmɪk /美/ ˈmɪmɪk /
n.善模仿者；模仿（同mimic）
vt.（尤指为逗乐而）模仿；（动物或植物为自身安全）模拟（另一种动物或植物）（同mimic）
2.grit
英/ ɡrɪt /美/ ɡrɪt /
n.沙砾，沙粒；勇气，毅力；粗砂岩；与数字连用（金刚砂、砂纸等磨料的）细度；<美>（尤指作为早餐的）粗玉米粉（grits）
v.（为防滑）在（路面上）撒沙砾；（通常指因愤怒而）咬紧牙关，咬牙切齿（grit your teeth）；吱吱嘎嘎地移动，发出摩擦声
3.peripheral
英/ pəˈrɪfərəl /美/ pəˈrɪfərəl /
adj.次要的，附带的；外围的，周边的；（计算机设备）外围的；（剖）体表的；周围神经系统的，末梢的
n.（计算机的）外部设备
4.furrow
英/ ˈfʌrəʊ /美/ ˈfɜːroʊ /
n.皱纹；犁沟；车辙
vt.犁；耕；弄绉
vi.犁田；开沟；犁出浪迹
n.（Furrow）人名；（英）弗罗
词组搭配
1.ramp up 倾斜升温（每单位时间之温度上升）；产能提升；斜升
2.furrowed brow 皱眉头
写作句总结
原句：After decades of argument and counter-argument, psychologists have apparently agreed that arranging one’s features into the shape of a smile helps brighten the mood.
结构：After decades of argument and counter-argument, sb have apparently agreed that XX
例句：After decades of argument and counter-argument, educators have apparently agreed that appropriate participation in practical work on campus is helpful to enhance students’ research and work ability.
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